Executive Body|Cabinet|Structure|Pakistan|Sania Akhtar

# Executive Body

#Cabinet

#Structure

#Pakistan

#Sania Akhtar

 Executive is the 2nd important pillar of the government. It is an administrative authority in an organization or a government.  

Its main function is to perform administrative functions like implementation of laws and enforcement of policies made by legislature (Parliament). Executives are of various kinds like heredity executive, nominated executive and elective executive. 

In Pakistan there is an Elected Parliamentary Executive. 

Structure: 

In Pakistan executive body is comprised of President, Prime Minister and His/her Cabinet. In Pakistan there is a federal parliamentary function in which there is a separation of power. In this regard the executive is fully independent to perform his role with a check and balance function.  

Cabinet: 

Cabinet is the composed body of ministers chosen by Prime Minister on the basis of their seniority. These ministers are termed as federal ministers (Wazir-e-Mumlikat). These ministers must be the Members of Parliament (MP). 

The cabinet of Pakistan is led by the Prime Minister. The Cabinet includes federal ministers, legal advisors and special ministers to the PM. Cabinet’s members vary from government to government and average membership is 10 to 20.the members of the cabinet meet at the cabinet secretariat. 

The first Cabinet was formed by PM Liaquat Ali Khan in which civil servants and statemen were included. Recently PM Shehbaz Sharif formed his cabinet which included 33 ministers, 4 legal advisors and 4 special assistants. 

Prime Minister: 

PM is the Head of the Government appointed by constitutional method. He/she is elected by the gernal elections. PM must be the member of Parliament (National Assembly) and also the head of the Council of the Common Interest. He/she is also referred to as the Chief Executive. In the first session of the National Assembly, the PM is elected by secret ballot paper.PM needs majority of the votes of MNA. PM is the head of his own selected cabinet, and both the PM and his/her cabinet is accountable to the National assembly.

 

PM served his/her services as the chief advisor of the President. 

According to the constitution of Pakistan, the executive powers are exercised by the PM like taking decision implement ordinances, appointments and recommendations also appoints the Chief of Election Commision.PM is elected for 5 years terms as long as he/she has the majority of members in National Assembly.PM can be removed by the constitutional method of vote of no confidence against him/her. Recently, through this practice PM Imran khan had to leave his office. 

President: 

President is the ceremonial Head of the State. He also served as the Commander-in-chief of the Armed Forces. The first President of Pakistan was Sikandar Mirza. 

After independence, executive role was exercised by the PM and Governer-Gernal. The office of President was created on March 23, 1956. The constitution of 1962 had been turned Pakistan to Presidential system where all executive powers were exercised by the President. The new constitution of 1973 (parliamentary system) turned the superior role of President into a ceremonial. 

But the period of Martial Law in Pakistan reversed the change and Pakistan became a Semi-presidential Republic through the 8th amendment in the constitution where the president is enjoying superior status. The 18th amendment restored the parliamentary democracy where the executive power is vested to PM. 

President is elected by electoral college (all four Provincial Assemblies, member of Senate and National Assembly) for the term of five years.

 In the absence of the President, Chairman Senate served the role of president. 

President has to leave his office because of the success of the impeachment (constitutional method to remove President).

The current President of Pakistan is Arif Alvi. 

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